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Guides/01 of 03/Reading results

What valid, risky, invalid, and unknown mean

Learn what each category means, and when to keep, review, or remove an address.

Get started freeScores and reasons
Fig. 1Scores on one scale
050100[email protected] · 0[email protected] · 75[email protected] · 100
Categories
4
Score
0 to 100
Reason codes
17
Flag
safe_to_send

§ 1

Why it matters

A result is a decision input

A check gives you evidence about an address. Your policy decides what to do with it.

Four categories, one score, and the reasons behind them.

§ 2

How it works

The four categories

Valid: the mail server accepts the mailbox. Risky: it may deliver, but something is wrong, such as a catch-all domain or a full inbox. Invalid: it will bounce. Unknown: the server did not answer clearly.

Fig. 2The four categories
  1. 2.1Send to valid addresses
  2. 2.2Review risky addresses, or send to them in a smaller batch
  3. 2.3Remove invalid addresses, and check unknown ones again later
What to do

§ 3

What you get

What to know.

  1. 3.1The scoreA number from 0 to 100. Higher is safer. Use it to sort and to set thresholds.
  2. 3.2Safe to sendA yes or no for each address that combines the category and the most serious risks.

Table 3 · The four categories

CategoryMeaningUsual action
validThe mailbox exists and accepts mail.Keep
riskyIt may deliver, but a signal lowers the score.Review
invalidThe address will bounce.Suppress
unknownThe mail server did not give a clear answer.Check again later

§ 4

In practice

Typical uses.

  • Case 4.1

    Role addresses

    Addresses such as info@ or sales@ often reach a team, not a person. They are flagged so you can decide.

Works with the tools you send from.

All integrations
  • SendGrid
  • Mailgun
  • Postmark
  • Amazon SES
  • CSV files
  • REST API

Questions

Before you start.

Why is a valid address not safe to send?

A valid address can still be disposable, a role account, or on a spam-trap domain. These lower the score and can turn safe to send off.

Continue reading

  1. 01Scores and reasons
  2. 02Catch-all domains
  3. 03Start free